Supposing the universe to be the 3-surface of a 4-ball, then this topology dictates a curvature.
In QO, this curvature is presumed not to accelerate the motions of any particles in the way that gravity does, anymore than the curvature of the Earth accelerates motions.
The universe is the 3-surface of a 4-sphere
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Phenomenon explained : "The universe looks the same in all directions".The universe looks the same in all directions, as far as we are capable of observing it. There is no particular reason to prefer one direction above any other. |
Before the Big Bang, there was space: Space consists of space quantum systems, which continually split, producing new space quantum systems. Real - as opposed to virtual - particles came into existence when there were sufficient space quantum systems within a sufficiently small volume that their combined mass-energy fluctuations contained sufficient (negative) gravitational energy to counterbalance the mass-energy from these particles, so that these fluctuations persisted.